Analisis Wacana Kritis Upaya Privatisasi dan Komersialisasi Mata Air dalam Surat Permohonan Izin Pengusahaan Air
Abstract
This qualitative study aims to describe linguistic signs and reveal the ideology contained in CV. STB’letter for water exploitation to policy makers in West Bandung Regency. This research uses Halliday’s (1995) transitivity analysis and Fairclough's (1995) critical discourse analysis. At the linguistic analysis, it was identified that the material process transivity is most often used by CV. STB for positive imaging. At the interpretation analysis, it was identified that CV. STB as the applicant for water exploitation (1) claiming to have the obligation to exploit water which is marked by the relasional verb process, (2) self-image with a social spirit which is marked by the material verb process, and (3) self-image as a humble applicant with linguistic signs of mental processes. At the explanation stage, it was revealed that CV. STB has the ideology that (1) the water resources in the soil itself are privately owned, (2) the water concession permit will be issued if CV. STB makes "benevolence" to the community and (3) needs to create community dependence for hegemony over water resources. The implication of this research is that the privatization and commercialization of natural resources in this context is built with the practice of imaging discourse. Therefore, policy holders must be careful in granting water concession permits and the affected communities must also be critical.
Abstrak
Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tanda-tanda linguistik dan mengungkapkan ideologi yang terkandung dalam sebuah surat permohonan pengusahaan air CV. STB kepada para pengambil kebijakan di Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Penelitian menggunakan kajian analisis transitivitas (Halliday, 1994) dan analisis wacana kritis model Fairclough (1995). Pada tahapan analisis linguistik, teridentifikasi bahwa transitivitas proses material paling sering digunakan oleh CV. STB untuk pencitraan positif. Pada tahapan interpretasi, teridentifikasi bahwa CV. STB sebagai pemohon pengusahaan air (1) mengklaim memiliki kewajiban mengeksploitasi air yg ditandai proses verba relasional, (2) mencitrakan diri berjiwa sosial yang ditandai dengan proses verba material, dan (3) mencitrakan diri sebagai pemohon yang merendah dengan tanda linguistik proses mental. Pada tahapan eksplanasi, terungkap bahwa CV. STB memiliki ideologi bahwa (1) sumber daya air dalam tanah sendiri adalah milik pribadi, (2) izin pengusahaan air akan keluar jika CV. STB membuat “kebajikan” kepada masyarakat, dan (3) perlu menciptakan ketergantungan masyarakat untuk menghegemoni sumber daya air. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah privatisasi dan komersialisasi sumber daya air dalam konteks ini dibangun dengan praktik wacana pencitraan. Oleh karena itu, pemegang kebijakan harus berhati-hati dalam memberikan izin pengusahaan air dan masyarakat yang terdampak pun harus bersikap kritis.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullah, A. S. (2015). Muslims in Pre- and Post-9/11 Contexts. International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.-ijclts.v.3n.3p.52
Al-fatih, S., Hidayah, N. P., Anggraeny, I., & Esfandiari, F. (2021). Privatization of Water Resource Management in the Discourse of Local Government Autonomy. 590(Inclar), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.2991/-assehr.k.211102.210
Al-Rawi, M. K. S. (2017). The Validity Of CDA As A Means Of "Uncovering" The Ideologies Implicit In Discourse. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22(03). 48-53. https://doi.org/10.9790/-0837-2203024853
Chalid, H., & Yaqin, A. A. (2018). Studi Tentang Hukum Air Dan Problematika Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia Atas Air Di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 48(2), 411. https://-doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol48.no2.1671
Curran, R. (2006). The Water Privatization Debate: A Critique of and Alternative to the International Financial Institutions' Promotion of the Private Provision of Water Services (Issue May). Humboldt State University.
de Gouvello, B., & Scott, C. A. (2012). Has water privatization peaked? The future of public water governance. Water International, 37(2), 87-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2012.663614
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. Longman Publishing, New York.
Fauzan, U., Subroto, H. D. E., & Poedjosoedarmo, S. (2014). A CDA of the Ideology of Indonesian Metrotv News Report. International Journal of Linguistics, 6(4), 71. https://doi.org/10.5296-/ijl.v6i4.6147
Ferrier, C. (2001). Bottled Water: Understanding a Social Phenomenon. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 30(2), 118-119. https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-30.2.118
Fitri, N., Artawa, K., Satyawati, M. S., & Sawirman, S. (2021). Transitivitas dalam Teks Peradilan Indonesia: Kajian Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 4(2), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v4i2.116
Hadipuro, W., & Putri, P. W. (2020). Right-to-water Alliances in Indonesia and Two Critical Disjunctions. PCD Journal, 8(1), 29-47. https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v8i1.418
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Foreign Language Teaching & Research Press.
Hamad, I. (2018). Developing Forensic Communication. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10), 333. https://doi.org/10.18502/-kss.v3i10.2919
Haryanto, A. (2016). Melawan Komersialisasi Air. https://tirto.id/melawankomersialisasi-air-bJ75
Haryanto, A. (2021). Warga Protes Pembangunan Perusahaan Pengolahan Air Bersih. https://daerah.sindonews.-com/read/431672/701/warga-protes-pembangunan-perusahaan-pengolahan-air-bersih-1621425958
Karunananthan, M. (2019). Can the human right to water disrupt neoliberal water policies in the era of corporate policy-making? Geoforum, 98(August 2018), 244-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.07.013
Kuswantoro, Y. (2021). Perusahaan Komersilkan Sumber Mata Air, Warga Padaasih Cisarua Terancam Kesulitan Air Bersih. https://www.bandungsatu.com/perusahaan-komersilkan-sumber-mata-air-warga-padaasih-cisarua-terancam-kesulitan-air-bersih/
Latupeirissa, D. S., & Dami, Z. A. (2019). Ideologi Bahasa Politik Soekarno: Sarana Ketahanan, Keamanan, Dan Perdamaian Indonesia. Aksara, 31(2), 251. https://doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v31i2.364.251-268
https://doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v31i2.364.251-268
Leeuwen, T. van. (2018). Moral evaluation in critical discourse analysis. Critical Discourse Studies, 15(2), 140-153. https://doi.org//10.1080/17405904.2018.1427120
Leong, C. (2015). Persistently Biased: The Devil Shift in Water Privatization in Jakarta. Review of Policy Research, 32(5), 600-621. https://doi.org/10.1111/ropr.12138
Machin, D., & Mayer, A. (2012). How to Do Critical Discourse Analysis A Multimodal Introduction-SAGE Publications Ltd (2012). SAGE Publication Inc.
Madelile, B. (2012). Private Water, Public Good: Water Privatization and State Capacity in Chile. Studies in Comparative International Development Volume, 49, 141-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-014-9154-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-014-9154-2
Matthiessen, C. M. I. M. (2014). Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar (4th ed.). Routledge.
Mullet, D. R. (2018). A General Critical Discourse Analysis Framework for Educational Research. Journal of Advanced Academics, 29(2), 116-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X18758260
NN. (2020). Wow, Ada 7.780 Produk Air Minum dalam Kemasan di Indonesia. https://mediaindonesia.com/humaniora/329456/wow-ada-7780-produk-air-minum-dalam-kemasan-di-indonesia
Rahmida. (2012). Kebijakan Negara Tentang Privatisasi dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air dalam Relevansinya Dengan Keadilan Sosial Ekonomi. Fiat Justitia, 6(3), 1-17.
https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v6no3.359
Suardana, K. (2021). Klausa Sudut Pandang Systemic Functional Linguistics. Mitra Cendekia Media.
Surachman, A. (2019). Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Pasca Dibatalkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2004 Tentang Sumber Daya Air. Jurnal Living Law, 11(2), 96-105. https://doi.org/10.30997/-jill.v11i2.2099
https://doi.org/10.30997/jill.v11i2.2099
Tan, J. (2012). World Development. The Pitfalls of Water Privatization: Failure and Reform in Malaysia, 40(12), 552-2563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.012
Umam, K., & Anis, M. Y. (2018). Transitivitas Pada Teks Penyusun Pasal Piagam Madinah. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Bahasa Arab (Konasbara), December. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329488819
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Sage Publication.
Widuna, I. A. (2018). The Function of CDA in Media Discourse Studies. JEES (Journal of English Educators Society), 3(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v3i1.1226
https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v3i1.1226
Wilk, R. (2006). Bottled water: The pure commodity in the age of branding. Journal of Consumer Culture, 6(3), 303-325. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540506068681
https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540506068681
Wiratno, T. (2018). Pengantar Ringkas Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional. Pustaka Pelajar.
Wodak dan Meyer, R. (2001). Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. Sage Publications.
https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857028020
Yulianti, A. I., & Firdaus, W. (2019). Ungkapan Keprihatinan dalam “Maklumat Akal Sehat”(Analisis Wacana Kritis terhadap Maklumat Rocky Gerung dkk). Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, 8(1), 93-109.
Zhang, M. (2014). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Political News Reports. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4(11), 2273-2277. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.4.11.
https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.4.11.2273-2277
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v34i2.990.167--180
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Aksara INDEXED IN:
![]() | ||||
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
AKSARA diterbitkan oleh Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali bekerja sama dengan Perkumpulan Pengelola Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Pengajarannya (PPJB-SIP)
AKSARA is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License